The Development and Rule of Law Programme (DROP) of the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa in cooperation with The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung (KAS) under the aegis of its Rule of Law Program for Sub-Saharan Africa convened a conference in Kigali, Rwanda, from 10 to 11 February 2016, to reflect on the challenges and opportunities for Africa in the context of the Agreement of the United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference, COP 21 (Paris Agreement). The aim of the conference was to critically assess the challenges and opportunities arising from the Paris Agreement in an interdisciplinary manner and to evaluate how law, politics, finance and related mechanisms can further climate change justice and ensure protection mechanisms for the most vulnerable. Africa was identified as the most vulnerable continent with regard to the effects of climate change. The conference brought together a pool of distinguished participants from the East African region drawn from diverse sectors, inter alia the judiciary, regional courts, parliamentarians, legal fraternity and ministries.